This paper deals with a new research of designing proactive maintenance processes for the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the so-called Industry 4.0. The mission and position of maintenance in a modern managed factory is highlighted by the fact that maintenance is one of the major processes that affect production productivity. In the near future, whatever is possible to digitize will be digitized, and anything that can be networked will be networked. Digitization is the key element for the future success of factories. Software is increasingly becoming a decisive production factor, because all of these networked machines must be controlled and all the digital data must be stored, processed, and meaningfully analyzed. Therefore, the successful companies of today (manufacturing and non-manufacturing) will need to be or become software companies, too.