Modern technologies require innovative solutions for producing complex structures from various materials. Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing presents such a challenge and has significantly impacted the environment across manufacturing sectors, regardless of size. Researchers and technicians have developed new design approaches by exploring fundamental components, materials, and manufacturing processes beyond traditional frameworks, addressing global complex material and design challenges. Laser cladding of metal powders with a coaxial nozzle is one such technology, offering highly productive processes for large-scale component production. Fiber lasers are optimal for providing laser radiation, ensuring required emission quality and stability. The authors seek to develop a mathematical model for the energy balance of coaxial laser cladding of metal powders, aiming to provide an overview of energy consumption levels and unit characteristics for powder delivery, inert gas, and laser radiation sources in direct metal powder coating setups.
Science Journal 