The use of cutting inserts is currently a normal part of the manufacturing process. The article deals with structural and material analysis of selected inserts and resulting wear after their use. These analyzes are part of the extensive research carried out at the Faculty of Production Technology and Management of Jan Evangelista Purkyne University in Usti nad Labem. Machining been hardened steel class 16 343 according to CSN 41 0002. For the used VBD were implemented SEM and EDX analysis.